Init

.env

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# 日志级别
+RUST_LOG=INFO
+
+# 运行模式
+RUN_MODE=dev

app.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+CREATE TABLE categoies
+(                                                   -- 分类
+    id     int unsigned PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, -- 自增主键
+    name   VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE,             -- 分类名称
+    is_del BOOLEAN     NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE       -- 是否删除
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE articles
+(                                                                -- 文章
+    id          int unsigned PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,         -- 自增主键
+    category_id INT unsigned NOT NULL REFERENCES categoies (id), -- 文章所属分类的ID，外键
+    title       VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,                           -- 文章标题
+    content     TEXT         NOT NULL,                           -- 文章内容
+    dateline    timestamp    NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, -- 添加时间
+    is_del      BOOLEAN      NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE              -- 是否删除
+);
+
+-- 插入示例数据
+INSERT INTO categoies (id, name)
+VALUES (1, 'Rust'),
+       (2, 'Go'),
+       (3, 'Javascript');
+
+INSERT INTO categoies (name)
+VALUES ('U3A0CsWdiy'),
+       ('SWACTQFa0Y'),
+       ('GYqfhaKJ6J'),
+       ('0sjsXVArdZ'),
+       ('MiN8lR1g9B'),
+       ('oBorPeyIvH'),
+       ('cqS4jGnmxG'),
+       ('dc0qqvbDNP'),
+       ('jq8K6LgUFy'),
+       ('K1tKtlvzgf'),
+       ('Z5kEYZYEdp'),
+       ('y3K6ryqRMF'),
+       ('hwPu60bq1u'),
+       ('2Idzt9CmAV'),
+       ('vbLGfMJNHz'),
+       ('6tTPkRtpWB'),
+       ('sWBfrpOAIB'),
+       ('zgmXGcYsGt'),
+       ('WH2EBpojIS'),
+       ('m1rsNTknqS');
+
+INSERT INTO articles (category_id, title, content)
+VALUES (1, '标题-GLKUSroPOR', '内容-GLKUSroPOR'),
+       (1, '标题-hFQRulHJAk', '内容-hFQRulHJAk'),
+       (2, '标题-pM0TURxhwC', '内容-pM0TURxhwC'),
+       (1, '标题-svNJmWaqRo', '内容-svNJmWaqRo'),
+       (3, '标题-8XWiTUSfhB', '内容-8XWiTUSfhB'),
+       (2, '标题-yvwE32TLkg', '内容-yvwE32TLkg');

config/default.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[web]
+addr = "0.0.0.0:9527"
+
+[mysql]
+max_cons = 5
+dsn = "mysql://root:mysql123!%40%23@127.0.0.1:3306/study"

config/dev.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[web]
+addr = "0.0.0.0:9527"
+
+[mysql]
+max_cons = 5
+dns = "mysql://root:mysql123!%40%23@127.0.0.1:3306/study"

src/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+use std::env;
+use config::File;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use crate::err::AppError;
+use crate::Result;
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+pub struct MysqlConfig {
+    pub dsn: String,
+    pub max_cons: u32,
+}
+
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+pub struct WebConfig {
+    pub addr: String,
+}
+
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+pub struct AppConfig {
+    pub mysql: MysqlConfig,
+    pub web: WebConfig,
+}
+
+impl AppConfig {
+    pub fn new() -> Result<Self> {
+        let run_mode = env::var("RUN_MODE").unwrap_or_else(|_| "dev".into());
+
+        // https://github.com/mehcode/config-rs/blob/master/examples/hierarchical-env/settings.rs
+        config::Config::builder()
+            // Start off by merging in the "default" configuration file
+            .add_source(File::with_name("config/default"))
+            // Add in the current environment file
+            // Default to 'dev' env
+            // Note that this file is _optional_
+            .add_source(
+                File::with_name(&format!("config/{}", run_mode)).required(false),
+            )
+            .build()
+            .map_err(AppError::from)?
+            .try_deserialize()
+            .map_err(AppError::from)
+    }
+}
+

src/entity/article.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use sea_orm::entity::prelude::*;
+
+
+// Model是只读的，只能用来SELECT
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, DeriveEntityModel, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[sea_orm(table_name = "articles")]
+pub struct Model {
+    #[sea_orm(primary_key)]
+    #[serde(skip_deserializing)]
+    pub id: u32,
+    pub category_id: u32,
+    pub title: String,
+    pub content: String,
+    pub dateline: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Local>,
+    pub is_del: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, EnumIter)]
+pub enum Relation {
+    // 给文章实体定义了包含Category的关系：
+    Category,
+}
+
+impl RelationTrait for Relation {
+    // 定义了 Relation 并没实际意义，毕竟它只是一个枚举值而已。我们需要为这个关系实现业务逻辑：
+    fn def(&self) -> RelationDef {
+        return match self {
+            // 声明当前模型属于category模型(多对一)，从category_id关联对应表的id字段
+            Relation::Category => {
+                Entity::belongs_to(super::category::Entity)
+                    .from(Column::CategoryId)
+                    .to(super::category::Column::Id)
+                    .into()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// 定义好了关系，我们还需要实现 Relate：告诉 SeaORM ，我们定义的 Relation::Category关系需要如何去建立
+impl Related<super::category::Entity> for Entity {
+    fn to() -> RelationDef {
+        Relation::Category.def()
+    }
+}
+
+// INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE 等属于写操作，需使用 ActiveModel。
+/// [DeriveEntityModel] 这个 derive 根据我们定义的[Model]，生成了包括 [ActiveModel]在内的多个数据结构
+impl ActiveModelBehavior for ActiveModel {}

src/entity/category.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use sea_orm::entity::prelude::*;
+
+
+// Model是只读的，只能用来SELECT
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, DeriveEntityModel, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[sea_orm(table_name = "categoies")]
+pub struct Model {
+    #[sea_orm(primary_key)]
+    #[serde(skip_deserializing)]
+    pub id: u32,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub is_del: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, EnumIter)]
+pub enum Relation {
+    Articles,
+}
+
+impl RelationTrait for Relation {
+    fn def(&self) -> RelationDef {
+       Entity::has_many(super::article::Entity).into()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Related<super::article::Entity> for Entity {
+    fn to() -> RelationDef {
+        Relation::Articles.def()
+    }
+}
+
+
+// INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE 等属于写操作，需使用 ActiveModel。
+/// [DeriveEntityModel] 这个 derive 根据我们定义的[Model]，生成了包括 [ActiveModel]在内的多个数据结构
+impl ActiveModelBehavior for ActiveModel {}

src/entity/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+pub mod category;
+pub mod article;

src/err.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum AppErrorType {
+    Config,
+    Database,
+    Notfound,
+    Template,
+}
+
+type Cause = Box<dyn std::error::Error>;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum AppErrorItem {
+    Message(String),
+    Cause(Cause),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct AppError {
+    pub types: AppErrorType,
+    pub error: AppErrorItem,
+}
+
+impl AppError {
+    pub fn new(types: AppErrorType, error: AppErrorItem) -> Self {
+        Self { types, error }
+    }
+    pub fn from_err(cause: Cause, types: AppErrorType) -> Self {
+        Self::new(types, AppErrorItem::Cause(cause))
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_msg(msg: &str, types: AppErrorType) -> Self {
+        Self::new(types, AppErrorItem::Message(msg.to_string()))
+    }
+    pub fn notfound() -> Self {
+        Self::from_msg("不存在的记录", AppErrorType::Notfound)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for AppError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{:?}", self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for AppError {}
+
+impl From<config::ConfigError> for AppError {
+    fn from(err: config::ConfigError) -> Self {
+        Self::from_err(Box::new(err), AppErrorType::Config)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<askama::Error> for AppError {
+    fn from(err: askama::Error) -> Self {
+        Self::from_err(Box::new(err), AppErrorType::Template)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<sea_orm::DbErr> for AppError {
+    fn from(err: sea_orm::DbErr) -> Self {
+        Self::from_err(Box::new(err), AppErrorType::Database)
+    }
+}
+
+impl axum::response::IntoResponse for AppError {
+    fn into_response(self) -> axum::response::Response {
+        let msg = match self.error {
+            AppErrorItem::Cause(err) => err.to_string(),
+            AppErrorItem::Message(msg) => msg.to_string(),
+        };
+        msg.into_response()
+    }
+}

src/form.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+use serde::Deserialize;
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+pub struct CategoryForm {
+    pub name: String,
+}
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+pub struct ArticleForm {
+    pub title: String,
+    pub category_id: u32,
+    pub content: String,
+}

src/handler/article.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use axum::extract::{Query, State};
+use sea_orm::{ColumnTrait, Condition, EntityTrait, PaginatorTrait, QueryFilter, QueryOrder, QuerySelect};
+
+use crate::entity::{article, category};
+use crate::err::AppError;
+use crate::handler::{get_conn, HtmlResponse, log_error, render};
+use crate::param::ArticleParams;
+use crate::Result;
+use crate::state::AppState;
+use crate::view;
+
+pub async fn index(
+    State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
+    Query(params): Query<ArticleParams>,
+) -> Result<HtmlResponse> {
+    let handler_name = "article/index";
+    let conn = get_conn(&state);
+
+    // 构建条件: 所有未被删除的文章
+    let condition = Condition::all().add(article::Column::IsDel.eq(false));
+    let select = article::Entity::find().filter(condition);
+    let record_total = select
+        .clone()
+        .count(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    let page_size = 15u64;
+    let page = 0u64;
+
+    let page_total = f64::ceil(record_total as f64 / page_size as f64) as u64;
+    let offset = page_size * page;
+
+    let list = select.find_also_related(category::Entity)
+        .order_by_desc(article::Column::Id)
+        .limit(page_size)
+        .offset(offset)
+        .all(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    let tpl = view::ArticlesTemplate {
+        list,
+        page_total,
+        params,
+    };
+    render(tpl, handler_name)
+}

src/handler/category.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use axum::extract::{Path, Query, State};
+use axum::Form;
+use sea_orm::{ActiveModelTrait, ColumnTrait, Condition, EntityTrait, IntoActiveModel, ModelTrait, PaginatorTrait, QueryFilter, QueryOrder};
+use sea_orm::ActiveValue::Set;
+
+use crate::{form, Result, view};
+use crate::entity::{article, category};
+use crate::err::AppError;
+use crate::handler::{get_conn, HtmlResponse, log_error, redirect, RedirectResponse, render};
+use crate::param::{CategoryParams, DelParams};
+use crate::state::AppState;
+
+pub async fn index(
+    State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
+    Query(params): Query<CategoryParams>,
+) -> Result<HtmlResponse> {
+    let handler_name = "category/index";
+    let conn = get_conn(&state);
+
+    let page = params.page(); // 当前页码
+    let page_size = params.page_size(); // 每页条数，默认15
+    let mut select = category::Entity::find()
+        .filter(
+            Condition::all()
+                .add_option(
+                    params.keyword_opt().map(|n| category::Column::Name.contains(&n))
+                )
+                .add_option(params.is_del_opt().map(|n| category::Column::IsDel.eq(n)))
+        );
+
+    if let Some(ord) = params.order() {
+        select = select.order_by(category::Column::Id, ord);
+    }
+
+    let paginator = select.paginate(conn, page_size);
+
+    let page_total = paginator.num_pages().await.map_err(AppError::from)?;
+
+    if page_total == 0 {
+        let tpl = view::CategoryTemplate {
+            categories: vec![],
+            params,
+            page_total,
+        };
+        return render(tpl, handler_name);
+    }
+
+    let categories = paginator
+        .fetch_page(page)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    let tpl = view::CategoryTemplate {
+        categories,
+        params,
+        page_total,
+    };
+    render(tpl, handler_name)
+}
+
+
+pub async fn find(
+    State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
+    Path(id): Path<i32>,
+) -> Result<String> {
+    let id = u32::try_from(id).or(Err(AppError::notfound()))?;
+
+    let handler_name = "category/find";
+    let conn = get_conn(&state);
+
+    let cate = category::Entity::find_by_id(id)
+        .one(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    match cate {
+        None => Err(AppError::notfound()),
+        Some(cate) => Ok(format!("id: {}, 名称: {}", cate.id, cate.name)),
+    }
+}
+
+pub async fn add_ui() -> Result<HtmlResponse> {
+    let handler_name = "category/add_ui";
+    let tpl = view::CategoryAddTemplate;
+    render(tpl, handler_name)
+}
+
+pub async fn add(
+    State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
+    Form(frm): Form<form::CategoryForm>,
+) -> Result<RedirectResponse> {
+    let handler_name = "category/add";
+    let conn = get_conn(&state);
+
+    let am = category::ActiveModel {
+        name: Set(frm.name),
+        // all other attributes are `NotSet`
+        ..Default::default()
+    };
+
+    let added_category = am.insert(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    let url = format!("/category?msg=分类添加成功，ID是：{}", added_category.id);
+
+    redirect(url.as_str())
+}
+
+pub async fn edit_ui(
+    State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
+    Path(id): Path<i32>,
+) -> Result<HtmlResponse> {
+    let id = u32::try_from(id).or(Err(AppError::notfound()))?;
+
+    let handler_name = "category/edit_ui";
+    let conn = get_conn(&state);
+
+    let cate = category::Entity::find_by_id(id)
+        .one(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?
+        .ok_or(AppError::notfound())?;
+
+    let tpl = view::CategoryEditTemplate { category: cate };
+    render(tpl, handler_name)
+}
+
+pub async fn edit(
+    State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
+    Path(id): Path<u32>,
+    Form(frm): Form<form::CategoryForm>,
+) -> Result<RedirectResponse> {
+    let id = u32::try_from(id).or(Err(AppError::notfound()))?;
+
+    let handler_name = "category/edit";
+    let conn = get_conn(&state);
+
+    let cate = category::Entity::find_by_id(id)
+        .one(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?
+        .ok_or(AppError::notfound())?;
+
+    let mut am = cate.into_active_model();
+    am.name = Set(frm.name);
+
+    am.update(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    redirect("/category?msg=分类修改成功")
+}
+
+
+pub async fn del(
+    State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
+    Path(params): Path<DelParams>,
+) -> Result<RedirectResponse> {
+    let handler_name = "category/del";
+    let conn = get_conn(&state);
+    let real = params.real.unwrap_or(false);
+
+    let cate = category::Entity::find_by_id(params.id)
+        .one(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?
+        .ok_or(AppError::notfound())?;
+
+    if real {
+        cate.delete(conn)
+            .await
+            .map_err(AppError::from)
+            .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+    } else {
+        let mut am = cate.into_active_model();
+        am.is_del = Set(true);
+        am.save(conn)
+            .await
+            .map_err(AppError::from)
+            .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+    }
+
+    redirect("/category?msg=分类删除成功")
+}
+
+pub async fn articles(
+    State(state): State<Arc<AppState>>,
+    Path(id): Path<u32>,
+    Query(params): Query<CategoryParams>,
+) -> Result<HtmlResponse> {
+    let handler_name = "category/articles";
+    let conn = get_conn(&state);
+
+    let cate = category::Entity::find_by_id(id)
+        .one(conn)
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?
+        .ok_or(AppError::notfound())
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    let paginator = cate.find_related(article::Entity)
+        .paginate(conn, params.page_size());
+
+    let articles = paginator.fetch_page(params.page())
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    let page_total = paginator
+        .num_pages()
+        .await
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+
+    let tpl = view::CategoryArticlesTemplate {
+        params,
+        page_total,
+        category: cate,
+        articles,
+    };
+    render(tpl, handler_name)
+}

src/handler/index.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+use crate::handler::{HtmlResponse, render};
+use crate::{Result, view};
+
+pub async fn index() -> Result<HtmlResponse> {
+    let handler_name = "index";
+    let tpl = view::IndexTemplate;
+    render(tpl, handler_name)
+}

src/handler/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+use askama::Template;
+use axum::http::{header, HeaderMap, StatusCode};
+use axum::response::Html;
+use sea_orm::DatabaseConnection;
+
+pub use index::index;
+
+use crate::err::AppError;
+use crate::Result;
+use crate::state::AppState;
+
+pub mod category;
+mod index;
+pub mod article;
+
+fn get_conn(state: &AppState) -> &DatabaseConnection {
+    &state.conn
+}
+
+type HtmlResponse = Html<String>;
+type RedirectResponse = (StatusCode, HeaderMap, ());
+
+/// 渲染模板
+fn render<T: Template>(tpl: T, handler_name: &str) -> Result<HtmlResponse> {
+    let out = tpl
+        .render()
+        .map_err(AppError::from)
+        .map_err(log_error(handler_name))?;
+    Ok(Html(out))
+}
+
+/// 记录错误
+fn log_error(handler_name: &str) -> Box<dyn Fn(AppError) -> AppError> {
+    let handler_name = handler_name.to_string();
+    Box::new(move |err| {
+        tracing::error!("{}: {:?}", handler_name, err);
+        err
+    })
+}
+
+fn redirect(url: &str) -> Result<RedirectResponse> {
+    let mut header = HeaderMap::new();
+    header.insert(header::LOCATION, url.parse().unwrap());
+    Ok((StatusCode::FOUND, header, ()))
+}

src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+pub mod entity;
+pub mod state;
+pub mod config;
+pub mod handler;
+pub mod view;
+pub mod err;
+pub mod router;
+pub mod param;
+pub mod form;
+
+pub type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, err::AppError>;

src/param.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+use serde::Deserialize;
+
+const DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE: u64 = 15;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CategoryParams {
+    // 用于搜索的关键字
+    pub keyword: Option<String>,
+    // 是否删除
+    pub is_del: Option<i32>,
+    // 排序
+    pub sort: Option<String>,
+    // 每页记录条数
+    pub page_size: Option<u64>,
+    // 当前页码
+    pub page: Option<u64>,
+
+    pub msg: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl Default for CategoryParams {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            keyword: None,
+            is_del: None,
+            sort: None,
+            page_size: None,
+            page: None,
+            msg: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl CategoryParams {
+    pub fn keyword(&self) -> String {
+        self.keyword.clone().unwrap_or("".to_string())
+    }
+    pub fn keyword_opt(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        match &self.keyword {
+            Some(s) => {
+                if s.is_empty() {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(s.to_string())
+                }
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_del_opt(&self) -> Option<bool> {
+        match self.is_del {
+            Some(n) => match n {
+                0 => Some(false),
+                1 => Some(true),
+                _ => None,
+            },
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_del(&self) -> i32 {
+        match self.is_del_opt() {
+            Some(b) => {
+                if b {
+                    1
+                } else {
+                    0
+                }
+            }
+            _ => -1,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn sort(&self) -> String {
+        self.sort.clone().unwrap_or("".to_string())
+    }
+    pub fn order(&self) -> Option<sea_orm::Order> {
+        match self.sort().as_str() {
+            "asc" => Some(sea_orm::Order::Asc),
+            "desc" => Some(sea_orm::Order::Desc),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn page_size(&self) -> u64 {
+        let ps = self.page_size.unwrap_or(0);
+        if ps <= 0 {
+            return DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE;
+        }
+        ps
+    }
+    pub fn page(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.page.unwrap_or(0)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
+pub struct DelParams {
+    pub id: u32,
+    pub real: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+pub type ArticleParams = CategoryParams;

src/router.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use axum::routing::get;
+use crate::handler;
+use crate::state::AppState;
+
+pub fn init() -> axum::Router<Arc<AppState>> {
+    axum::Router::new()
+        .route("/", get(handler::index))
+        .route("/category", get(handler::category::index))
+        .route(
+            "/category/add",
+            get(handler::category::add_ui).post(handler::category::add),
+        )
+        .route(
+            "/category/edit/:id",
+            get(handler::category::edit_ui).post(handler::category::edit),
+        )
+        .route("/category/del/:id", get(handler::category::del))
+        .route("/category/del/:id/:real", get(handler::category::del))
+        .route("/category/articles/:id", get(handler::category::articles))
+        .route("/article", get(handler::article::index))
+}

src/state.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+
+use sea_orm::DatabaseConnection;
+
+pub struct AppState {
+    pub conn: DatabaseConnection,
+}

src/view.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+use askama::Template;
+
+use crate::{entity, param};
+
+#[derive(Template)]
+#[template(path = "index.html")]
+pub struct IndexTemplate;
+
+
+#[derive(Template)]
+#[template(path = "category.html")]
+pub struct CategoryTemplate {
+    pub params: param::CategoryParams,
+    pub categories: Vec<entity::category::Model>,
+    pub page_total: u64,
+}
+
+#[derive(Template)]
+#[template(path = "category-add.html")]
+pub struct CategoryAddTemplate;
+
+#[derive(Template)]
+#[template(path = "category-edit.html")]
+pub struct CategoryEditTemplate {
+    pub category: entity::category::Model,
+}
+
+#[derive(Template)]
+#[template(path = "category-articles.html")]
+pub struct CategoryArticlesTemplate {
+    pub params: param::CategoryParams,
+    pub page_total: u64,
+    pub category: entity::category::Model,
+    pub articles: Vec<entity::article::Model>,
+}
+#[derive(Template)]
+#[template(path = "article.html")]
+pub struct ArticlesTemplate {
+    pub page_total: u64,
+    pub list: Vec<(entity::article::Model, Option<entity::category::Model>)>,
+    pub params: param::ArticleParams,
+}
+#[derive(Template)]
+#[template(path = "article-add.html")]
+pub struct ArticleAddTemplate {
+    pub categies: Vec<entity::category::Model>,
+}

templates/article-add.html

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}添加文章{%endblock%} {% block bc %}
+<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/article">分类管理</a></li>
+{% endblock %} {% block content %}
+<form action="/article/add" method="post">
+    <form>
+        <div class="mb-3">
+            <label for="title" class="form-label">文章标题</label>
+            <input
+                    type="text"
+                    name="title"
+                    class="form-control"
+                    id="title"
+                    placeholder="输入文章标题"
+                    required
+            />
+        </div>
+        <div class="mb-3">
+            <label for="category_id" class="form-label">所属分类</label>
+            <select class="form-control" id="category_id" name="category_id" required>
+                <option value="">--请选择--</option>
+                {% for category in categies%}
+                <option value="{{category.id}}">{{category.name}}</option>
+                {%endfor%}
+            </select>
+        </div>
+        <div class="mb-3">
+            <label for="content" class="form-label">文章内容</label>
+            <textarea
+                    id="content"
+                    name="content"
+                    class="form-control"
+                    placeholder="请输入文章内容"
+                    required
+            ></textarea>
+        </div>
+        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
+    </form>
+</form>
+{%endblock%}

templates/article.html

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}文章列表{%endblock%} {% block bc %}
+<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/article">文章管理</a></li>
+{% endblock %} {% block content %} {%if params.msg.is_some() %}
+<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
+    {{ params.msg.clone().unwrap() }}
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+<table class="table">
+    <thead>
+    <tr>
+        <th>#</th>
+        <th>标题</th>
+        <th>分类</th>
+        <th>时间</th>
+        <th>操作</th>
+    </tr>
+    </thead>
+    <tbody>
+    {% for item in list %} {% let (article, category) = item %}
+    <tr>
+        <td>{{ article.id }}</td>
+        <td>{{ article.title }}</td>
+        <td>
+            {% match category%} {% when Some with(category)%} {{ category.name }} {%
+            when None %} 没有分类 {% endmatch %}
+        </td>
+        <td>{{ article.dateline }}</td>
+        <td>作业</td>
+    </tr>
+    {% endfor %}
+    </tbody>
+</table>
+<nav>
+    <ul class="pagination pagination">
+        {% for page in 0..page_total %} {% if page == params.page() %}
+        <li class="page-item active">
+            <span class="page-link">{{ page + 1}}</span>
+        </li>
+        {% else %}
+        <li class="page-item">
+            <a class="page-link" href="?page={{page}}">{{ page + 1}}</a>
+        </li>
+        {% endif %} {% endfor %}
+    </ul>
+</nav>
+{%endblock%}

templates/base.html

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+    <link
+            href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"
+            rel="stylesheet"
+    />
+    <link
+            rel="stylesheet"
+            href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap-icons@1.8.3/font/bootstrap-icons.css"
+    />
+    <title>axum使用SeaORM</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-success">
+    <div class="container-fluid">
+        <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://axum.rs" target="_blank"
+        ><i class="bi bi-arrow-through-heart-fill"></i> axum.rs</a
+        >
+        <button
+                class="navbar-toggler"
+                type="button"
+                data-bs-toggle="collapse"
+                data-bs-target="#navbarNav"
+                aria-controls="navbarNav"
+                aria-expanded="false"
+                aria-label="Toggle navigation"
+        >
+            <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
+        </button>
+        <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
+            <ul class="navbar-nav">
+                <li class="nav-item">
+                    <a class="nav-link" href="/" id="navbar-home">首页</a>
+                </li>
+                <li class="nav-item dropdown">
+                    <a
+                            class="nav-link dropdown-toggle"
+                            href="#"
+                            id="navbar-category"
+                            role="button"
+                            data-bs-toggle="dropdown"
+                            aria-expanded="false"
+                            id="navbar-category"
+                    >
+                        分类管理
+                    </a>
+                    <ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbar-category">
+                        <li>
+                            <a
+                                    class="dropdown-item"
+                                    href="/category"
+                                    id="navbar-category-list"
+                            >分类列表</a
+                            >
+                        </li>
+                        <li>
+                            <a
+                                    class="dropdown-item"
+                                    href="/category/add"
+                                    id="navbar-category-add"
+                            >添加分类</a
+                            >
+                        </li>
+                    </ul>
+                </li>
+                <li class="nav-item dropdown">
+                    <a
+                            class="nav-link dropdown-toggle"
+                            href="#"
+                            id="navbar-article"
+                            role="button"
+                            data-bs-toggle="dropdown"
+                            aria-expanded="false"
+                            id="navbar-article"
+                    >
+                        文章管理
+                    </a>
+                    <ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbar-article">
+                        <li>
+                            <a
+                                    class="dropdown-item"
+                                    href="/article"
+                                    id="navbar-article-list"
+                            >文章列表</a
+                            >
+                        </li>
+                        <li>
+                            <a
+                                    class="dropdown-item"
+                                    href="/article/add"
+                                    id="navbar-article-add"
+                            >添加文章</a
+                            >
+                        </li>
+                    </ul>
+                </li>
+                <li class="nav-item">
+                    <a
+                            class="nav-link"
+                            href="https://github.com/AxumCourse/axum-with-seaorm"
+                            target="_blank"
+                    ><i class="bi bi-github"></i
+                    ></a>
+                </li>
+            </ul>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+</nav>
+
+<div class="container py-3">
+    <div class="row">
+        <div class="col">
+            <h2>{% block title %}标题{%endblock%}</h2>
+        </div>
+        <div class="col-2 text-end">
+            <nav aria-label="breadcrumb">
+                <ol class="breadcrumb">
+                    {% block bc %} {%endblock%}
+                    <li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page">
+                        {%block title%}{%endblock%}
+                    </li>
+                </ol>
+            </nav>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+    <main>{% block content %} 在此输入内容 {%endblock %}</main>
+</div>
+<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
+<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery@3.6.0/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
+<script>
+    $(function () {
+        activeNavItem();
+        function activeNavItem() {
+            const path = location.pathname;
+            $("#navbarNav .nav-link").removeClass("active");
+            $("#navbarNav .dropdown-item").removeClass("active");
+            if (path === "/") {
+                $("#navbar-home").addClass("active");
+                return;
+            }
+            if (path.indexOf("/category") >= 0) {
+                $("#navbar-category").addClass("active");
+                if (path === "/category") {
+                    $("#navbar-category-list").addClass("active");
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (path.indexOf("/add") >= 0) {
+                    $("#navbar-category-add").addClass("active");
+                    return;
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    });
+</script>
+</body>
+</html>

templates/category-add.html

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}添加分类{%endblock%} {% block bc %}
+<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/category">分类管理</a></li>
+{% endblock %} {% block content %}
+<form action="/category/add" method="post">
+    <form>
+        <div class="mb-3">
+            <label for="name" class="form-label">分类名称</label>
+            <input
+                    type="text"
+                    name="name"
+                    class="form-control"
+                    id="name"
+                    placeholder="输入分类名称"
+                    required
+            />
+        </div>
+        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
+    </form>
+</form>
+{%endblock%}

templates/category-articles.html

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}
+分类文章{%endblock%} {% block bc %}
+<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/category">分类管理</a></li>
+{%endblock%}
+{%block content%}
+<h2>{{category.name}}的所有文章</h2>
+<table class="table">
+    <thead>
+    <tr>
+        <th>文章ID</th>
+        <th>文章标题</th>
+        <th>时间</th>
+    </tr>
+    </thead>
+    <tbody>
+    {%for article in  articles%}
+    <tr>
+        <td>{{ article.id }}</td>
+        <td>{{article.title}}</td>
+        <td>{{article.dateline}}</td>
+    </tr>
+    {%endfor%}
+    </tbody>
+</table>
+{% if page_total > 1 %}
+<nav>
+    <ul class="pagination pagination">
+        {% for page in 0..page_total %}
+        {% if page == params.page() %}
+        <li class="page-item active">
+            <span class="page-link">{{ page + 1}}</span>
+        </li>
+        {% else %}
+        <li class="page-item">
+            <a class="page-link" href="?page={{page}}">{{ page + 1}}</a>
+        </li>
+        {% endif %}
+        {% endfor %}
+    </ul>
+</nav>
+{% endif %}
+{%endblock%}

templates/category-edit.html

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}修改分类{%endblock%} {% block bc %}
+<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/category">分类管理</a></li>
+{% endblock %} {% block content %}
+<form action="/category/edit/{{category.id}}" method="post">
+    <div class="mb-3">
+        <label for="name" class="form-label">分类名称</label>
+        <input
+                type="text"
+                name="name"
+                class="form-control"
+                id="name"
+                placeholder="输入分类名称"
+                value="{{category.name}}"
+                required
+        />
+    </div>
+    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
+</form>
+{%endblock%}

templates/category.html

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}分类列表{%endblock%} {% block bc %}
+<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/category">分类管理</a></li>
+{% endblock %} {% block content %}
+{%if params.msg.is_some() %}
+<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
+    {{ params.msg.clone().unwrap() }}
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+<form class="row" method="get" action="/category">
+    <div class="col-auto">
+        <label class="visually-hidden" for="keyword">关键字</label>
+        <div class="input-group">
+            <div class="input-group-text">关键字</div>
+            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="keyword" name="keyword" placeholder="输入关键字" value="{{ params.keyword() }}">
+        </div>
+    </div>
+    <div class="col-auto">
+        <label class="visually-hidden" for="is_del">是否删除</label>
+        <select class="form-select" id="is_del" name="is_del">
+            <option value="-1"{% if params.is_del() == -1%} selected{%endif%}>全部</option>
+            <option value="0"{% if params.is_del() == 0%} selected{%endif%}>未删除</option>
+            <option value="1"{% if params.is_del() == 1%} selected{%endif%}>已删除</option>
+        </select>
+    </div>
+    <div class="col-auto">
+        <label class="visually-hidden" for="sort">排序</label>
+        <select class="form-select" id="sort" name="sort">
+            <option value=""{% if params.sort().is_empty() %} selected{%endif%}>默认排序</option>
+            <option value="asc"{% if params.sort() == "asc" %} selected{%endif%}>升序</option>
+            <option value="desc"{% if params.sort() == "desc" %} selected{%endif%}>降序</option>
+        </select>
+    </div>
+    <div class="col-auto">
+        <label class="visually-hidden" for="page_size">每页条数</label>
+        <select class="form-select" id="page_size" name="page_size">
+            <option value="0"{% if params.page_size() == 0 %} selected{%endif%}>默认条数</option>
+            <option value="3"{%if params.page_size() == 3 %} selected{%endif%}>每页3条</option>
+            <option value="5"{%if params.page_size() == 5 %} selected{%endif%}>每页5条</option>
+            <option value="10"{%if params.page_size() == 10 %} selected{%endif%}>每页10条</option>
+        </select>
+    </div>
+    <div class="col-auto">
+        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="bi bi-search"></i> 搜索</button>
+    </div>
+</form>
+<table class="table">
+    <thead>
+    <tr>
+        <th>#</th>
+        <th>名称</th>
+        <th>操作</th>
+    </tr>
+    </thead>
+    <tbody>
+    {% for category in categories %}
+    <tr>
+        <td>{{ category.id }}</td>
+        <td>{{ category.name }}</td>
+        <td>
+            <a href="/category/articles/{{ category.id }}" class="btn btn-success btn-sm">文章列表</a>
+            <a href="/category/edit/{{ category.id }}" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">修改</a>
+            <div class="btn-group">
+                <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
+                    删除
+                </button>
+                <ul class="dropdown-menu">
+                    <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="/category/del/{{category.id}}" onclick="return confirm('确定删除【{{category.name}}】？')">逻辑删除</a></li>
+                    <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="/category/del/{{category.id}}/true"  onclick="return confirm('确定删除【{{category.name}}】？')">物理删除</a></li>
+                </ul>
+            </div>
+        </td>
+    </tr>
+    {% endfor %}
+    </tbody>
+</table>
+<nav>
+    <ul class="pagination pagination">
+        {% for page in 0..page_total %}
+        {% if page == params.page() %}
+        <li class="page-item active">
+            <span class="page-link">{{ page + 1}}</span>
+        </li>
+        {% else %}
+        <li class="page-item">
+            <a class="page-link" href="?page={{page}}&keyword={{params.keyword()}}&is_del={{params.is_del()}}&sort={{params.sort()}}&page_size={{params.page_size()}}">{{ page + 1}}</a>
+        </li>
+        {% endif %}
+        {% endfor %}
+    </ul>
+</nav>
+{%endblock%}

templates/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}首页{%endblock%} {% block content %}
+首页内容 {%endblock%}